What is XML File & What is It Used For?

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For the past 20 years, XML is being used as a data format through which data can be easily transported between different networks, applications, and organizations.

What is XML?

  • The full form of XML is Extensible Markup Language. XML is a type of markup language and is used to store and organize data.

  • The way of writing code in XML is exactly the same as in HTML. Tags are used in both HTML and XML.


  • As you know HTML is also a markup language but it is used to display the data in the webpage.

  • HTML had many shortcomings, so XML was developed. It meets the limitations of HTML.

  • Using different tags in HTML, it is described how the contents of the page (such as text, images etc.) will be displayed on the user's screen, whereas in XML, data is stored and managed using tags.

  • What is XML is platform independent and language independent. That is, it runs in any device and can be used with any language.

  • We write the code of XML in a separate file and save that file with .xml extension.

  • It can be used by combining XML and HTML. The combined version of XML and HTML is called X-HTML.

  • After creating an XML document, it can also be used as a database. All data in XML is saved as plain text, so it is very easy to access it through any application.

How Does XML Work?

Actually the code in an XML document is written in a hierarchical structure i.e. in a hierarchical manner and an XML parser is required to read it. Parser divides this document into elements, attributes, and other small parts. These different parts are accessed and displayed by an application as per the requirement or any operation is performed on it.
If there is any mistake in the format of the document then it is reported by the parser as an error.

The data can be sent through the parser to be processed on some of the following applications:

  1. Any web browser like Chrome, Firefox etc.

  2. a word processor such as Microsoft Word

  3. to another database such as SQL Server

  4. Can be imported into any online tool

  5. Own programs written in Java, C, C++ etc. can also access it.

Advantages of XML

XML is a very powerful language and it is different from other languages ​​due to some of its advantages. Let us know about these advantages.

  • Through this we can easily handle very complex types of data.

  • Through this we can share data.

  • By this the description of data can be given in text format.

  • The format of XML can be read by humans as well as computers.

  • Data in XML is handled in the structure of a tree, due to which its speed is very fast.

  • Through this, we can store the data for a long time and can also use it again.

  • Data in XML is described by markup language.

  • It is used to create other languages. Such as – XHTML, WSDL, WAP, RDF, and SMIL etc.

Disadvantages of XML

XML has some drawbacks that keep it behind other languages. Let us try to know about them.

  • It is not able to store binary data such as – image.

  • The syntax of XML is too verbose and redundant. That is, it is very explanatory.

  • It does not support any kind of data types. Such as- integer, strings etc.

  • It does not support array.

  • In this the hierarchical representation of the document is limited.

  • It is difficult to use namespaces in this.

  • XML has no application processing system. XML has to depend on HTML for processing.

  • It is very difficult to setup the document in this.

Applications of XML

It is used for many tasks. Some of these are given below:-

  1. XML can be used to maintain large websites.

  2. XML is used to exchange information between companies.

  3. XML can also be used to load and unload databases.

  4. XML can be merged with style sheets.

  5. Any kind of data can be converted as an XML document.

A Simple XML Program:

Below is its simple program:-

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<note> <to>Viral</to>
<from>Mayank</from>
<heading>Hellor</heading>
<body>How are You?</body> </note>

What is the Difference Between XML and HTML?

This question must be coming in your mind from the beginning that what is the difference between HTML and XML? After all, the way of writing code is the same in both. So to understand this, read the points given below:

HTML                                                                        XML

HTML is used to display data.                            XML is designed to store and transport data.
If both XML and HTML are being used,
then HTML determines how the data from
the XML file will be visible to the user.

All tags are predefined in HTML.                      In this you define your own tags according to your need.

It is not necessary to put closing tag                The closing tag is required in XML.
 in HTML.

HTML is not case sensitive.                             This is case sensitive.

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